Thomas Jefferson Against His Republican Ideals Essay Example For Students

Thomas Jefferson Against His Republican Ideals Essay While Thomas Jefferson was President of the United States, a portion of his activities clashed his convictions and the convictions of his supporters in the Republican party. For instance, he was chosen as a profoundly pacifistic President, however he wound up driving the nation toward war. War came about when more cash was being given to piratical Algiers than it would have cost to battle a war. This made Jefferson reexamine his thoughts regarding including the country in war. The standoff at last came in 1801. The Pasha of Tripoli announced war on the United States in a roundabout way, and Jefferson had to settle on a ruling against his own convictions his pacifism, his analysis against large boat naval forces all blurred before him. He sent the countries baby armed force to the shores of Tripoli and, following 4 years of battling, Jefferson was at long last ready to sign a harmony arrangement from Tripoli. Additionally in opposition to his own musings against tremendous naval forces, Jefferson requested that 200 minuscule gunboats be developed, which were for all intents and purposes vulnerable and would have been exceptional off had they never been manufactured. Notwithstanding this, the energetic hater of war who loathed collusions which entrapped countries together, Jefferson proposed to make a coalition with England, at that point an adversary, against France, a long-term partner, with the object of pursuing a protective war against France on American soil. The Republican party likewise preferred little government, with little force given to the central government, particularly the President. Jefferson split away from these convictions additionally by his acquisition of Louisiana from Spain. No place in the Constitution, which he followed enthusiastically, was there anything that gave the President the approval to arrange bargains, particularly when it included multiplying the size of the association and permitting 50,000 non-Americans to live on this recently gained land. Since his inner voice pestered him, Jefferson covertly proposed a change to the Constitution which would give him more force. This change fizzled, in any case, and he had to tell the nation that his activities were illegal. This difference in goals really helped Jefferson to become reappointed. He floated through the appointment of 1804, winning 162 discretionary votes, rather than the 14 picked up by his Federalist rival. It was not that he forced his Republican thoughts on the Federalists, yet that he did precisely the inverse. Jefferson really was chosen as Republican president, however he received numerous Federalist standards and held onto them as his own. This is the manner by which the most bipartisan President in history had the option to come to control in one of the most harshly fanatic time frames in Americas history.Bibliography:

Employee Retention and Interviewing Essay Example for Free

Representative Retention and Interviewing Essay At the point when Southwest Airlines needs to recruit representatives, they will in general have 142,000 candidates. They clearly need to pick the individual who will suit their authoritative culture the best. To accomplish this target they have to pose the correct inquiries while meeting the candidates. These inquiries ought to be with the end goal that they give a reasonable picture concerning which candidate will be best for the activity and the association all in all. You can utilize conduct based prospective employee meeting inquiries to assist you with choosing prevalent competitors. Ask talk with inquiries that assist you with distinguishing whether the competitor has the practices, aptitudes, and experience required for the activity you are filling. (Top prospective employee meet-up inquiries to assist you with choosing the Best, Susan M. Heathfield) Before beginning the meeting the questioner ought to depict the fundamental elements of the activity and inquire as to whether he can play out those capacities with or without housing. (http://www. alllaw. com/articles/business/article13. asp) The main competency question ought to be identified with the capacity to select and talk with candidates, ‘how frequently during your last occupation did you have to talk with candidates and depict a circumstance where the initial introduction of the candidate could have changed your judgment. ’ Through this inquiry the questioner may get a thought of the preferences the individual may or probably won't hold. Southwest Airlines need to ensure that their workers don't oppress certain races and can deal with a wide range of circumstances hands on. The subsequent inquiry is identified with the employee’s capacity to perform reference keeps an eye on potential workers. ‘When a previous boss was not ready to give data about a potential worker, how could you handle the circumstance and play out the vital reference check? ’ this inquiry will enable the Airlines to make sense of if the representative is mindful enough to experience the essential system or would disregard a few things and continue. The third inquiry is about the employee’s capacity to plan and lead consistently planned authoritative direction programs. Inform me concerning a rate where a minute ago changes were made in the direction plan, these progressions were not known to you. How could you adapt to these lat minute changes? ’ this inquiry will help recognize the employee’s abilities in a disordered circumstance. For aircrafts these circumstances are very normal and such a trademark will be advantageous for the association. The fourth inquiry is associated with the employee’s capacity to get ready and clarify HR strategies and systems. ‘Tell me about a circumstance where there was a modification in the organization approach and the workers didn't take the change well. What did you do? This will support the business or questioner for Southwest Airlines discover the assessment of the representative about certain approaches and methods that might be embraced by the organization or as of now exist inside the organization. The fifth inquiry is about the employee’s capacity to create and keep up exceptional sets of responsibilities. ‘How many sets of expectations have you created in your time as a worker here at Southwest and what were a portion of the significant challenges you confronted while completing your work? ’ this inquiry will help comprehend if the representative will have the option to evaluate the applicant’s capacities and send him to the division that suits him best. The 6th inquiry for the representative ought to be founded on his capacity to manage a pay program and screen compensation increment proposals to guarantee consistence with merit increment rules. The inquiry here will be, ‘what is your view on execution examinations, would they say they are fundamental or not, do they spur workers to improve at work? ’ This inquiry will help comprehend what the employee’s are expecting and what benefits they need for the occupations they perform on a week after week or everyday schedule. By posing these inquiries from the current workers, the top administration at Southwest Airlines will know the kind of representatives who will be screened out from the 142,000 candidates. The quantity of representatives they really need is 4000, along these lines the organization should be cautious with respect to who they enlist and hold. By talking the questioners previously the association is ensuring they employ the perfect individuals. Likewise, when your inquiries questions request that the candidate inform you regarding practices and activities she has really shown previously, your choice procedure will improve.

Sample TOEFL Multiple Choice Essay People are Living Longer

Sample TOEFL Multiple Choice Essay People are Living Longer Sample TOEFL Multiple Choice EssayThe QuestionAll around the world, people are living longer than ever before. Which of the following do you think are the main causes of this phenomenon? You may choose more than one option.The development of new technologyChanges to our eating habitsImprovements to our working conditionsUse specific reasons and details to develop your essay. Do not use memorized examples.Special Offer: TOEFL Essay Evaluation and ScoringYou can now sign up to have your practice essays evaluated and scored by the author of this page. This service is a great way to learn how you will do before test day and how you can best prepare for the big day. Sign up today.The Sample EssayThere are many different reasons why humans live longer and healthier lives than in the past. In my opinion, there are two main reasons why people are living longer, which are improvements in medical technology and better working conditions. In the following essay, I will explore these two factors . First of all, medical technology has developed a lot in the past few decades, and can both prevent and cure many different illnesses. Hundreds of diseases that might have killed us in the past can now be treated in safe and non-invasive ways. Not only that, but technology can be used to identify potential illnesses even before they occur. For example, I was told that my great-grandfather died of a heart attack when he was just forty-five years old, despite appearing outwardly healthy to his family. However, thanks to modern medicine, I now know that males in my family have a genetic tendency to develop heart disease. Thanks to this information I am very careful about my diet and get plenty of exercises. When I am older I will begin taking blood thinning medicine as a preventive measure. My great-grandfather did not have access to technology that could predict his illness, and was not able to protect himself. Secondly, improved working conditions help us live longer, as humans toda y have safer and less strenuous jobs than people in the past. For instance, my great-grandfather was not the only male in my family to die at a young age. His brother passed away when he was in his fifties. His brother did not die from heart disease, but died from lung cancer caused by the years he spent working in a dirty coal mine. The physical toll of his work and the dusty air he breathed every day made him extremely sick. He was not the only person in his society to be killed by his job, as it was common for men and women to work in dangerous jobs in terribly unsafe factories. People back then had neither safe working conditions nor effective safety equipment. Modern rules and regulations, however, prevent the same tragedies from happening today. In conclusion, I believe that people live longer today for two main reasons. They are that doctors have access to a wide range of technology to both cure and prevent illnesses, and because our jobs are safer and less taxing than in the past. (399 words)Note:This is a sample TOEFL independent essay written by a native speaker. It follows our TOEFL writing templates for independent essays. If it is useful, please remember that we havemany more sample essaysfor you to read!

Sample TOEFL Multiple Choice Essay People are Living Longer

Sample TOEFL Multiple Choice Essay People are Living Longer Sample TOEFL Multiple Choice EssayThe QuestionAll around the world, people are living longer than ever before. Which of the following do you think are the main causes of this phenomenon? You may choose more than one option.The development of new technologyChanges to our eating habitsImprovements to our working conditionsUse specific reasons and details to develop your essay. Do not use memorized examples.Special Offer: TOEFL Essay Evaluation and ScoringYou can now sign up to have your practice essays evaluated and scored by the author of this page. This service is a great way to learn how you will do before test day and how you can best prepare for the big day. Sign up today.The Sample EssayThere are many different reasons why humans live longer and healthier lives than in the past. In my opinion, there are two main reasons why people are living longer, which are improvements in medical technology and better working conditions. In the following essay, I will explore these two factors . First of all, medical technology has developed a lot in the past few decades, and can both prevent and cure many different illnesses. Hundreds of diseases that might have killed us in the past can now be treated in safe and non-invasive ways. Not only that, but technology can be used to identify potential illnesses even before they occur. For example, I was told that my great-grandfather died of a heart attack when he was just forty-five years old, despite appearing outwardly healthy to his family. However, thanks to modern medicine, I now know that males in my family have a genetic tendency to develop heart disease. Thanks to this information I am very careful about my diet and get plenty of exercises. When I am older I will begin taking blood thinning medicine as a preventive measure. My great-grandfather did not have access to technology that could predict his illness, and was not able to protect himself. Secondly, improved working conditions help us live longer, as humans toda y have safer and less strenuous jobs than people in the past. For instance, my great-grandfather was not the only male in my family to die at a young age. His brother passed away when he was in his fifties. His brother did not die from heart disease, but died from lung cancer caused by the years he spent working in a dirty coal mine. The physical toll of his work and the dusty air he breathed every day made him extremely sick. He was not the only person in his society to be killed by his job, as it was common for men and women to work in dangerous jobs in terribly unsafe factories. People back then had neither safe working conditions nor effective safety equipment. Modern rules and regulations, however, prevent the same tragedies from happening today. In conclusion, I believe that people live longer today for two main reasons. They are that doctors have access to a wide range of technology to both cure and prevent illnesses, and because our jobs are safer and less taxing than in the past. (399 words)Note:This is a sample TOEFL independent essay written by a native speaker. It follows our TOEFL writing templates for independent essays. If it is useful, please remember that we havemany more sample essaysfor you to read!

Post Traumatic Stress Disorder And The Movie American Sniper

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and the movie American Sniper Cody Salois Introduction to Psychology Wednesday 6pm-10pm Post-traumatic stress disorder and the movie American Sniper Post-traumatic stress disorder abbreviated PTSD is a response to traumatic events in someone’s life. Traumatic events are events that provoke fear, helplessness or horror in response to a threat or extreme stressor (Yehuda, 2002). Soldiers and other military members are at a much higher risk to Post traumatic stress disorder due to combat and other stressful situations they are put into. People effected by Post-traumatic stress disorder will have symptoms including flashbacks, avoidance of things, people or places that remind them of the traumatic event. Also, hyper arousal which includes insomnia, irritability, impaired concentration and higher startle reactions. In this paper I will discuss post-traumatic stress disorder, its signs, symptom and effects on culture as portrayed in the movie, American Sniper. A person who suffers PTSD also exhibits strange behavior like avoidance of certain events, locations or anything that is deemed to bring back memories that trigger semblance of the original traumatic experience (Yehuda, 2002). As the patient tries to avoid such circumstances, they manifest as antisocial behavior. They avoid people, certain places as well as suffer a sense of memory loss. They try to numb their ability to remember the painful traumatic event. A major symptom amongstShow MoreRelatedThe Movie The Legend 1048 Words   |  5 PagesThis movie is about Chris Kyle, who is a dedicated Navy SEAL sniper. He is referred to as â€Å"The Legend† because he is one of the greatest, deadliest snipers and has killed dozens of people. American Sniper really shows the effect war has on a person and how Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder changed his life. Throughout his four tours in war, Chris was exposed to actual and threatened death. Which is one of the requirements to have PTSD. A lot of those situations where he experienced the actual or threatenedRead MorePost Traumatic Stress Disorder ( Ptsd ) Essay1401 Words   |  6 PagesMayo-Clinic Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, commonly known as PTSD is defined as â€Å"Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a mental health condition that s triggered by a terrifying event — either experiencing it or witnessing it. Symptoms may include flashbacks, nightmares and severe anxiety, as well as uncontrollable thoughts about the event† (Mayo Clinic Staff, 2014). Post Traumatic Stress disorder can prevent one from living a normal, healthy life. In 2014, Chris Kyle played a role in a movie aboutRead MoreNo Comfort Zone By Marla Handy Essay1461 Words   |  6 Pagesto the surface something many people tend to avoid: post-traumatic stress disorder. Unlike for many members of society, for Handy, it is not and never will be something she can avoid. 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Upon being deeply moved after seeing the news coverage of the U.S. Embassy bombings in 1998, Kyle left his life as a rodeo cowboyRead MoreHeroes As A Hero Essay1563 Words   |  7 Pagesare involved in the upbringing of the current generation of kids. A hero is one who stood above all to achieve the greater good for all of mankind, and devel oped these attributes into the adolescents of the modern population. Whether it is a song, a movie, or even an interview of an indubitable hero, heroes are described in a conglomerate of form. Everyday millions of people go out in public to do their daily duties and obligations. However, without being in search of heroes, one may pass a dozen ofRead MoreHealth Is The Most Important Thing1490 Words   |  6 Pagesschizophrenia, attention/hyperactivity disorder, post traumatic stress disorder, and autism. Anxiety is a common form of mental illness because of how many people are victims of it. More than 3 million people are affected by it each year.Anxiety disorder is characterized by the feeling of being worried or fear that they are strong enough to interfere with their daily activities. Many people expierence panic attacks and then leads to obseseve compulsive disorder. Although it is treatable it requiresRead MoreHurt Locker and Ptsd1903 Words   |  8 PagesLocker and PTSD Post Traumatic Stress Disorder is an anxiety disorder that runs through our military system and is often vastly overlooked. It is a little-known mental health problem that is poorly understood. It can be traced back to the times of the Civil War and has been given names like shell-shocked syndrome, PTSD, soldiers heart, and combat fatigue. A soldier who has experienced combat or military exposure of any level of severity can be susceptible to this anxiety disorder and its symptomsRead MorePrimo Levi And The Nazi War2447 Words   |  10 Pageshis skill to the fullest using. He had a skilled background in chemistry, which landed him a spot in the laboratories where he could avoid freezing temperatures and harsh physical conditions. Through out Primo’s stay at Auschwitz he underwent many traumatic experiences. These experiences correlated directly with the psychological experiments like the foot in the door experiment and the Milgram experiment. An estimated 200,000 Jews survi ved the concentration camps and many were alive up till the 21stRead MoreBanning Guns From The American People Essay2362 Words   |  10 PagesEvery day an American is the victim of robbery, breaking and entering, rape, or mass murder. The person committing the crime does not always have a gun, but they do have some type of weapon on hand whether it is a knife, hammer, or even a baseball bat. The person who is committing the crime is there for one thing, to harm that person or their family. How safe are they if they have no way to protect themselves? Criminals break laws every day, they do not listen to other laws preventing them from breaking

Challenges Facing Organizational Managers Employees...

ORGANISATIONAL BEHAVIOUR TERM PAPER Challenges Facing Organizational Managers Employees Today in Relation to the Modern Theory of Organizational Behaviour. By 1. Edwin Nduati HD333-0249/2010 2. Daniel Gikandi HD333-0251/2010 3. Richard Sigey HD333-0250/2010 Presented to Dr. Margaret Ndungu Table of Contents ORGANISATIONAL BEHAVIOUR - TERM PAPER 1 Challenges Facing Organizational Managers Employees Today in Relation to the Modern Theory of Organizational Behaviour. 1 Organizations are facing different challenges in todays environment. 4 1. Technology 4 2. Diverse 4 3. Multiple 4 4. Responsiveness 4 5. Rapid 4 6. Globalization 4 8. Communication style 5 9. Organization direction. 5 10. Decision making. 5 11. Feedback†¦show more content†¦Organization has to be flexible to adjust to those changes. 6. Globalization Managers are faced with a myriad of challenges due to an array of environmental factors when doing business abroad. These managers must effectively plan, organize, lead, control, and manage cultural differences to be successful globally. 7. Corporate culture. Corporate, organization and department culture all flows from the top down. The written and unwritten rules, policies and philosophy of a manager or the organization all eventually find their way into the attitudes and performance of almost everyone in the organization. One of the critical things to remember when dealing with people is: you get the behavior you reward. If the culture directly or indirectly rewards a certain type of attitude or behavior, you are, by your actions or inactions, probably reaffirming that these are acceptable. If you want to change behavior, you must first evaluate the culture that is in place that may be rewarding the type of behavior you are getting but dont necessarily want. 8. Communication style. Rumors, hearsay, memos, emails, meetings, individual counseling sessions and bulletin boards all have one thing in common - they communicate information - some more effectively and timely than others. If communication in an organization is all top-down, you can be assured that you are not in touch with the realities of your organization, the marketplace, yourShow MoreRelatedManagement Theory14588 Words   |  59 PagesManagement Theory Learning Objectives 1. Describe how the need to increase organizational efï ¬ ciency and effectiveness has guided the evolution of management theory. 2. Explain the principle of job specialization and division of labour, and tell why the study of person–task relationships is central to the pursuit of increased efï ¬ ciency. 3. Identify the principles of administration and organization that underlie effective organizations. 4. 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The approach used in studying OB is the system approach. In other words, this approach interprets people-organization relationships in terms of the whole person, whole group, whole organization, and whole social system. Its purposeRead MoreEffect of Motivation on Employees9326 Words   |  38 Pagesas the most critical firm asset, and the ability to attract motivate and retain capable employees is essential in organization’s innovation and quality improvement (Frye, 2004). These sentiments are supported by Jung and Hartog, (2007) who suggest that, one way for organizations to become more innovative is to capitalize on their employees’ ability to innovate. Jung and Hartog, continue to argue that employees can help to improve business performance through their ability to generate ideas and useRe ad MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 PagesOrganization Theory Challenges and Perspectives John McAuley, Joanne Duberley and Phil Johnson . 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Sucessful in the World Free Essays

INDIVIDUAL ESSAY PAPER:   40% DUE DATE:   Midnight Saturday 1st December 2012 (Week 7) WORD LENGTH:   2500 words The paper should be written in an essay style and not like a business report, and is based on a case study of McDonald’s restaurants in six countries around the world. Each Student is randomly assigned one of the 6 chapters in Royle and Towers (2002) ‘Labour Relations in the Global Fast – Food Industry’. – This book can be accessed and read electronically via the RMIT Library website) OR   Ã‚  you may access the copies of each of these chapters that are placed here on Blackboard. We will write a custom essay sample on Sucessful in the World or any similar topic only for you Order Now The particular countries are: the United States, Germany, Netherland, Russia, Singapore and Australia Topic of Individual Essay †¢   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  You are required to read and analyse your assigned topic in your study time, and also to research further the topic from other sources. †¢   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The questions you are to answer in essay form for your allocated country are : â€Å"1. What are the main elements (parties, laws, processes) of the industrial relations system of your allocated country? 2. Arising from these elements, what challenges exist for the global fast food companies in seeking to have a standard approach to HRM adopted internationally? To answer this consider: a. What elements are compatible with the standard approach to HRM b. What elements work against the adoption of standardised methods of HRM in the fast food industry? Justify your answer. â€Å" CHARACTERISTICS OF A GOOD CASE STUDY A good case analysis has the following qualities: †¢   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  focusing on the major themes of the case; †¢   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  linking the case to the theoretical framework discussed in the text or reading; †¢   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  addressing main issues or illustrating best practices; †¢   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Referencing the work of others is critically important Turnitin Used   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Trial the software before your final submission †¢   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Avoid the last minute submission †¢   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Re-submit next day if the first time it did not get through †¢   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Do not contact your lec turer for any Turnitin problems Essay Guidelines 1. Use of consistent referencing style (Harvard system as described in RMIT Reference Guide); 2. a well structured essay contains introduction, body, conclusion and references with minimum headings; 3. and, remember that a 2,500 word limit applies. A 5% deduction in marks is made for each 10% over or under the word limit. A Good Essay 1. Demonstrates that you carefully argue your case and the statements you make are justified with appropriate references; 2. shows that your discussion is grounded in the relevant field of research; 3. refers to cited materials, which are analysed in a critical and reflective manner; 4. and, cite scholarly journal papers, NOT Wikipedia or website materials without adequate academic citation Submission and Feedback †¢   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Essay should be submitted into Turnitin by midnight of the due date. †¢   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Late submissions will be automatically penalised at a rate of 10% of possible mark, per day late. And assignments will not be accepted more than five days late. Extensions are not normally granted. However, in cases of exceptional and genuine hardship (not including inconvenience, poor planning, completing assignments for other courses, or pressure of work) limited extensions MAY be given. Applications should be made in writing to the Course Coordinator, 7 days before the due date for submission, and, where appropriate, a medical certificate should be provided. Such applications will be granted, or refused, in writing.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Feedback from lecturers is included in the marking sheets. †¢   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  All assignments must have a coversheet (blank copy attached) †¢   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A signed Statement of Authorship (blank copy attached) is also to be given to your lecturer in class †¢   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ask your lecturer if they require a hard-copy submission of the essay or if soft-copy submission to Turnitin is sufficient. †¢   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Requests for special consideration in the assessment of the final examination must be made before the examination takes place (See Student Information Booklet). Marking criteria for individual essay Essays are marked according to two principles: o   Ã‚  First are matters of style: use of bibliographic conventions, style, grammar and spelling, and the organisation of the essay. o   Ã‚  Second are matters of content: amount of work in the essay, quality of arguments, application of theory and background knowledge to compare the pattern of HRM and the strategies and to evaluate them. Both are important, and the best essays are best on both measures. ____________________________________________________________ ESSAY EVALUATION: A. STYLE: 1. Reference List 2. Grammar and style 3. Structure of essay – Introduction – Organisation – Conclusion: B. CONTENT 4. Extent of research 5. Coherence of argument 6. Comprehension of theoretical principles 7. Application of principles to the proposals 8. Critical analysis is especially important Please keep a secure copy of your work until the final result for the course is given. 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Moon Jelly Fish Sample Essay Example For Students

Moon Jelly Fish Sample Essay The Moon Jellyfish in the scientific universe is known as the Aurelia aurita. It is one of the most common Portuguese man-of-war along the Atlantic Coast. It is reportedly less deadly than other jellyfish. The Moon Jellyfish is normally semitransparent white. pink or ecru. It is in the Kingdom Animalia. Followed by the Phylum Cnidaria. The Moon Jellyfish is in the category Scyphozoa. Its belongs to the order Semaeostomeae. It is in the household Ulmaridae and the Genus Aurelia. The Moon Jellyfish belongs to the Species A. aurita. The Moon Jellyfish has nematocysts on its tentacles which is a deadly coiled thread-like stinger. When the nematocyst is called upon to fire. the yarn is straight. and springs directly. The harpoon-like yarn punctures through the cnidocyte wall and into the quarry. Once it captures prey on its tentacles it is brought to its organic structure by undertaking its tentacles in a corkscrew gesture. It feeds on plankton which includes beings such as molluscs. crustaceans. urochordate larvae. rotifers. immature polychetes. protozoons. diatoms. eggs. fish eggs. and other little beings. All Aurelia including the Moon Jellyfish swim by pulsings of the bell-shaped upper portion of the animate being. Swiming largely maps to maintain the animate being near the surface of the H2O instead than to do advancement through the H2O. They swim horizontally. maintaining the bell near the surface at all times. This allows the tentacles to be spread over the largest possible country. in order to better catch nutrient. The coronal musculus allows the animate being to throb in order to travel. Urges to contract are sent by manner of the subumbrellar nervus cyberspace and are nervous in beginning. The Moon jelly has rhopalial centres. which allow it to command the pulsings. As the O rate in the H2O goes down. so excessively does the respiratory rate of the Portuguese man-of-war. The Moon Jellyfish is found in three oceans. The Atlantic Ocean. Pacific Ocean. and the Indian Ocean. They are found near the seashore. largely in warm and tropical Waterss. But they can defy temperatures every bit low as -6 grades Celsius and every bit high as 31 grades Celsius. They thrive in H2O with a temperature of 9-19 grades Celsius. Their home ground includes the coastal Waterss of all zones and they occur in immense Numberss. They are known to populate in brackish Waterss with every bit low a salt content as 0. 6 % . Decreased salt in the H2O diminishes the bell curvature and frailty versa. They live in the Biomes reef. tropical coastal. and freshwater lake. Sexual adulthood in Moon Jellyfish occurs in the spring and summer. Their eggs develop in sex glands located in lookouts formed by the frills of the unwritten weaponries. Their sex glands are normally the most recognizable portion of the animate being. because of their deep and conspicuous colour. Their sex glands lie near the underside of the tummy. Males and females are distinguishable and reproduction is sexual. The Moon Portuguese man-of-war. unlike some other species of Portuguese man-of-war. has both unwritten weaponries and tentacles to ease its feeding procedure. Moon Jellyfish are the most commonly kept species of Portuguese man-of-war. in both public fish tanks and by serious hobbyists. The sting of the Moon Portuguese man-of-war is non fatal or unsafe to worlds. Moon Jellyfish do non possess a encephalon. hear. blood. head eyes or ears. They are 95 % H2O. It has two chief phases of life. The first phase is the polyp phase and the 2nd is the medusa phase.

Specific Heat Lab Report Sample

Specific Heat Lab Report Paper To find out what fuel releases the most heat energy whereas the amount of fuel wasted is also accounted for; we could test a number of well-known fuels (provided by the school) and contemplate their bonding attributes and components which they are composed of (all fuels are compounds, so they are made up of number of hydrocarbons, thus bonds are customary during combustions The main emphasis of this experiment is to identify not only the energy potential emitted by the fuels in a given amount of time, but also to discover how and most importantly why every fuel releases the amount of energy that correspondingly. Of course in order to accomplish this test fairly, time, fire intensity, water (substance) levels Will be considered once implemented into the equation. Variables: Independent Variable * The different fuels used in the experiment. Dependent Variable The combusted energy taken in by the body of water (LA in Kilo Joules). Controlled: Amount of water used for heating (1 ml). * Calorie Meter. Starting temperature of water inside boiling tube (ICC). Amount of time boiling tubes are heated (2 minutes). The placement and size tot the hole (in the foil covering the calorie meters cap) where the thermometer was put through. * Weighing scale (ml). We will write a custom essay sample on Specific Heat Lab Report specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Specific Heat Lab Report specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Specific Heat Lab Report specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Hypothesis: Similar to enthalpy but differs in terms of the output capacities which are even in Kilojoules and interpreted into moles, and the formulas utilized to discover the energy yield of combustion. Our group investigated the difference in enthalpy changes for the combustion of different alcohols. This is done to find out how the number Of carbon atoms a fuel contains effects the enthalpy change during complete combustion. To do this we ignited the combustible thread-lid Which links directly to the fuel and arrange for as much Of the energy as practically possible to be transferred to the water through energy heating. In theory, the more hydrocarbons that a fuel has, the more energy that is going to e produced QUICK-RECAP: A Hydrocarbon is a compound of hydrogen and carbon, such as any of those that are the chief components of petroleum and natural gas. To work out the enthalpy change of combustion for the alcohols we use the assumption that LLC of water is equal to lag. Using this assumption we then use the equation energy absorbed MS;-AT; which means Amount of energy mass of water x specific heat capacity x temperature rise. Instead, we also use the preferable scientific formula [K mica) to find the potential energy absorption in the waters temperature, being the Kilojoules (output), m being mass of he water, and the remaining is the specific heat capacity times the temperature rise, respectively. Obviously, as the equation suggests, all these values in the other side of the equation (right side where the components are i. E. mica) are multiplied together. Because it is a controlled variable, the waters mass and volume will be preserved throughout the experiment, not to mention its own mass of 0. KGB (log). The specific heat capacity is 4. 2. Something to pay attention to is the change in temperature in all objects utilized in the test, Obviously heat energy is rendered from one medium to another, and how much of it solely depends on the molecular Structure (so the item(s) could be either a insulator or conductor): So to establish and maintain the original equilibrium of objects (how high the temperatur e was per item at the beginning Of the test) we had to cool down all tools and including the thermometer. Thankfully, the thermometer granted us the privilege to be able to measure the temperature of all necessary objects (the water for example had to be settled to the room temperature of the room). By the time all was set, the next trial could initiate. This entire procedure enables us control the variables of the experiment, Some of the elemental combustibles prone to fire are hydrocarbons, because they contain carbon and hydrogen, and fire thrives on oxygen, carbon and hydrogen in this scenario. So it is very expected that whatever combustible holds the most hydrocarbons will be the most flammable and energetic. Another way to describe how this works is by the emphasis tot how toot gives energy to the consumer: some toots nourish us more than others depending on the kilojoules that they have. Carbohydrates are often high on kilojoules and calories, which is precisely why they are essential for exercising routines. How does this relate to the context? Well, we can relate the carbohydrates to the fuels and the outlay of energy by the body to the exothermic reaction given off by the ignition of the fuel How much is given off really depends on the amount of kilojoules, and this applies to both situations. To calculate the change between the fuels we must work out the Enthalpy change of combustion when 1 mole of a fuel is burned thoroughly under normal conditions in room temperature. Calculate the number of moles burned per fuel by finding each of the fuels molecular mass and then applying their respective ATA into the equation. Apparatus: 1. Clamp Stand 2. Match Sticks Box 3. Stopwatch jell$;; 4. Fuels varying) 5. Calorie Meter 6. Thermometer 7. Water (Mimi -XII) 8. Measuring cylinders (1 Mol) 9. Aluminum Foil Sheet(s) 10. Safety goggles 11. Metal Water cup/mug Method(s): l. Trial commencement: Collect equipment and apparatus (remember to apply safety precautions! ). 2. Set up the clamp stand, adjust the claw in a way it would be able to wrap around the cup and have a satisfactory grip on it so it does not collapse. 3. Once the cup is lodged into the Clamp, conceal the lid of the up with a piece of aluminum fabric, and then proceed to puncture the region where the hollow gap in the lid was. 4. Measure the mass of the fuel, and the container in which it is held (without the fuel). . Pill the measuring cylinder with roughly 10 millimeters of water, and then unload the contents into the cup/ mug in the clamp 6. Set up the Bunsen burner below the cups lower surface; attach the cord into the gas compartment. 7. Place a thermometer through the aluminum gap so the thermometer can contact the water. Measure the temperature of the water, the distilled water should have room temperature. 8. Ignite a matchstick and switch the gas o n make the Bunsen burner catch fire and create a flame. 9. Pentane-l -01 has the greatest number tot carbon atoms in the chain and also the highest enthalpy change of combustion. Therefore as the number of carbon atoms increases the enthalpy change also increases. This is because as he number of carbon atoms in a chain increases the number of bonds which can be broken also increases. Bond breaking is endothermic which means energy is given out to the surroundings. The more carbon atoms there are in a chain the more energy there will be given out to the surroundings through the breaking of bonds, therefore the greater the enthalpy change of combustion. Methanol has the least number of carbon atoms, therefore the least number of bonds broken which results in lower enthalpy change of combustion as less energy is given out to the surroundings. Pentane-l-lo has the greatest number of carbon atoms in the Hahn, therefore the most number Of bonds broken Which results in the highest enthalpy change of combustion as more energy is given out to the surroundings. The alcohols increase in size by a CHI group each time. This results in an increase of approximately KICK] mole for the enthalpy change of combustion. This increase is attributed to the fact there is 1 more C. C bond and 2 more CHI bonds broken each time, which means the burning of the fuel is more exothermic so more heat will be given out to the surroundings and the enthalpy change will be greater. The bonds are broken and new bonds are formed to give the products eater and carbon dioxide. As the alcohols increase in size by a CHI group 1 more water and 1 more carbon dioxide are produced. As you can see from the results table my results are much smaller than the data book values, possible explanations will be given for this in the Evaluation. Evaluation: The results showed to be quite off what was expected: some trial data differed from one another dramatically. Due to the heat energy loss many of the energy was lost through the exothermic reactions, in which some of the heat is transferred from one medium into other surrounding mediums such as the air. It s inevitable that during this investigation numerous errors will occur; human error can be a factor the heat from the cup/mug could have been transferred to the clamp, the tap water could have different cooling levels than other waves. Some will be procedural errors others will be due to human error. These errors have reduced the accuracy of my results. Firstly human error may have occurred when taking readings and measurements, this is inevitable and little Can be done to prevent it. But that does not imply that the conclusion of the experiment was wrong, we still managed to come in terms With a valid solution and thesis, most importantly, the hypothesis we had originally alleged was relatively precise. Bibliography: 1. R, Nave. Hydrocarbons.

Top 3 Supreme Court Cases Involving Japanese Internment

Top 3 Supreme Court Cases Involving Japanese Internment During World War II, not only did some Japanese Americans refuse to relocate to internment camps, they also fought federal orders to do so in court. These men rightfully argued that the government depriving them of the right to walk outside at night and live in their own homes violated their civil liberties. After Japan attacked Pearl Harbor on Dec. 7, 1941, the U.S. government  forced more than 110,000 Japanese Americans into detention  camps, but Fred Korematsu, Minoru Yasui, and Gordon Hirabayashi  defied orders. For refusing to do what they’d been told, these courageous men were arrested and jailed. They eventually took their cases to the Supreme Court- and lost.​ Although the Supreme Court would rule in 1954 that the policy of â€Å"separate but equal† violated the Constitution, striking down Jim Crow in the South, it proved incredibly shortsighted in cases related to Japanese  American internment. As a result, Japanese Americans who argued before the high court that curfews and internment infringed upon their civil rights had to wait until the 1980s for vindication. Learn more about these men. Minoru Yasui v. the United States When Japan bombed Pearl Harbor, Minoru Yasui was no ordinary twenty-something. In fact, he had the distinction of being the first Japanese American lawyer admitted to the Oregon Bar. In 1940, he began working for the Consulate General of Japan in Chicago but promptly resigned after Pearl Harbor to return to his native Oregon. Shortly after Yasui’  arrived in Oregon, President Franklin D. Roosevelt signed Executive Order 9066 on Feb. 19, 1942. The order authorized the military to bar Japanese Americans from entering certain regions, to impose curfews on them and to relocate them to internment camps. Yasui deliberately defied the curfew. â€Å"It was my feeling and belief, then and now, that no military authority has the right to subject any United States citizen to any requirement that does not equally apply to all other U.S. citizens,† he explained in the book And Justice For All. For walking the streets past curfew, Yasui was arrested. During his trial at the U.S. District Court in Portland, the presiding judge acknowledged that the curfew order violated the law but decided that Yasui had forsaken his U.S. citizenship by working for the Japanese Consulate and learning the Japanese language. The judge sentenced him to a year in Oregon’s Multnomah County Jail. In 1943, Yasui’s case appeared before the U.S. Supreme Court, which ruled that Yasui was still a U.S. citizen and that the curfew he’d violated was valid. Yasui eventually ended up at an internment camp in Minidoka, Idaho, where he was released in 1944. Four decades would pass before Yasui was exonerated. In the meantime, he would fight for civil rights and engage in activism on behalf of the Japanese American community. Hirabayashi v. the United States Gordon Hirabayashi was a University of Washington student when President Roosevelt signed Executive Order 9066. He initially obeyed the order but  after cutting a study session short to avoid violating the curfew, he questioned why he was being singled out in a way  his white classmates were not. Because he considered the curfew to be a violation of his Fifth Amendment rights, Hirabayashi decided to intentionally flout it. â€Å"I was not one of those angry young rebels, looking for a cause,† he said in a 2000 Associated Press interview. â€Å"I was one of those trying to make some sense of this, trying to come up with an explanation.† For defying Executive Order 9066 by missing curfew and failing to report to an internment camp, Hirabayashi was arrested and convicted in 1942. He ended up jailed for two years and did not win his case when it appeared before the Supreme Court. The high court argued that the executive order was not discriminatory because it was a military necessity. Like Yasui, Hirabayashi would have to wait until the 1980s before he saw justice. Despite this blow, Hirabayashi spent the years after World War II getting a master’s degree and a doctorate in sociology from the University of Washington. He went on to a career in academia. Korematsu v. the United States Love motivated Fred Korematsu, a 23-year-old shipyard welder, to defy orders to report to an internment camp. He simply did not want to leave his Italian  American girlfriend and internment would have separated him from her. After his arrest in May 1942 and subsequent conviction for violating military orders, Korematsu fought his case all the way to the Supreme Court. The court, however, sided against him, arguing that race did not factor into the internment of Japanese Americans and that internment was a military necessity. Four decades later, the luck of Korematsu, Yasui, and Hirabayashi changed when legal historian Peter Irons stumbled upon evidence that government officials had withheld several documents from the Supreme Court stating that Japanese Americans posed no military threat to the United States. With this information in hand, Korematsu’s attorneys appeared in 1983 before the U.S. 9th Circuit Court in San Francisco, which vacated his conviction. Yasui’s conviction was overturned in 1984 and Hirabayashi’s conviction was  two years later. In 1988, Congress passed the Civil Liberties Act, which led to a formal government apology for internment and payment to of $20,000 to internment survivors. Yasui died in 1986, Korematsu in 2005 and Hirabayashi in 2012.

UNIT 3 ACTIVITY Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

UNIT 3 ACTIVITY - Essay Example Of most significance is my desire to be able to contribute positively to the lives of people I meet. To do this, I consider a rational and consistent approach to be essential. Emotionally I strive to keep up a continued positive and compassionate attitude, so that the people I encounter can accept me as someone who does not influence them negatively. Instead, I would prefer to be understood as a person who is able to help by accepting and listening to others without preconceptions or prejudices, or even my own emotional state influencing my interactions. While I do understand that this approach is important in the practice of psychology, it is also clear that this helps in all my interactions with people: professional, in the academic context, and personally within my family and friendship circle. The most important relationships in my life are with my close family members. To ensure that these relationships grow is an ongoing goal. I believe that these relationships contribute to success in everything I do. They certainly help me to maintain a balanced, rational, and consistent approach in my life. The honestly expressed opinions of those close to me help me to make difficult decisions with the security that I am advised by people who care for me. Further, I want to focus on becoming someone my family can look to when their decisions are difficult. We should be able to offer reciprocal and non-judgmental support to one another in all situations, so that we are all able to succeed personally and professionally. I believe that this kind of support â€Å"at home† will help anyone to succeed in their lives. In order to satisfy my academic needs, I aim to achieve a doctoral degree. I enjoy academic study so continuing to pursue new knowledge and skills contributes to my personal well-being. To achieve well within an academic sphere also allows me to build and maintain a good self-image – I feel that I am working hard to meet my potential, while moving closer

Texting in the Workplace Paper Research Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Texting in the Workplace - Research Paper Example Its impact to the society is vast but is still in an on-going debate whether it is advantageous or not. For some, the use of text messaging is useful at work because of the fact that a person can still be reached even when he or she is not around the office, in terms of communication with client, and others. However, text messaging is also seen as a hindrance for a productive work because of the time people spend on it, the distraction it gives, and others. This paper has examined and evaluated a few among the literatures that can help the author assess the impact of text messaging in the workplace to give some indications that can help in the future career. II. Report Mobile phone has been a device that is widely distributed in the world. For some, it has been a necessity just like parts of their everyday lives. However, its impact to the society is still being explored through various researches. Some claim the advantages that mobile phone has contributed to them while the others s tates its disadvantages to the society. However, one certain impact of mobile phone has been noted. Through mobile phone, text messaging has turned out to be a form of mass communication in the society (Rheingold, 2002). ... This review aims at providing a cursory outlook on texting in the workplace and may not be a representative of the complete array of information concerning text messaging. Indeed, text messaging is proven to be advantageous in some points but text messaging that is situated in the workplace is still an on-going discussion. According to Langer (2008), researches concerning text messaging in the workplace are only limited. For Daft and Lengel, text messaging is much more suitable for task-based communication (as cited in Hu, Wood, Smith & Westbrook, 2004). On the one hand, on an account on text messaging, Galushkin’s (2003) claims that text messaging has the ability to be a rich medium in distributed organizations. In such a way, text messaging is asserted to be a more important means of communication and also that it has the more advantage of its ability to facilitate a communication which is fast even if the users are distant to each other. However, the disadvantage of text me ssaging is the less rich quality of communication because it lacks the audio and visual aspect, facial expression, body language, tone of voice as well as the other non-verbal forms of communication. In terms of work related communication, Galushkin (2003) expresses that the advantage of text messaging is when the employee does not feel inferior when addressing his or her superior. Because of this feeling of inferiority, productivity at work is at stake for the uneasiness and apprehension to talk or ask his or her boss. Productivity can be ensured as well given that the time spent on communication is usually shorter than face to face interaction. Text messaging is really much more efficient because of the advantage of having

Influence of Pain on Quality of Life for Cancer Patients

Influence of Pain on Quality of Life for Cancer Patients Abstract Purpose: Pain is a common complaint of cancer patients which is found to significantly affect the quality of life of Head and Neck cancer patients. For patients suffering from cancer, control of symptoms and pain play a significant role in improving the overall quality of life of head and neck cancer patients. A literature search revealed that studies on the intensity of pain and quality of life before receiving anticancer therapy are lacking. Thus, this study was an attempt to assess the influence of intensity of pain on quality of life of cancer patients before receiving anticancer treatments Methods: A total of 100 histopathologically confirmed cases of head and neck cancer were interviewed. Intensity of pain was evaluated using the Brief Pain Inventory and the quality of life of patients was evaluated using EORTC QLQ-C30 module.. Results: The results showed that majority of patients suffering from oral cancer belonged to 5th and 6th decade of life. Kruskal Wallis test showed statistically significant in the quality of life and tumour stages. Chi square test also gave significant association between the quality of life and pain. Conclusions:. Assessment of Quality of life in cancer patients will direct the attention of clinician to the most important symptom; pain. Thus appropriate interventions can be instituted at right time along with palliative care to improve the Quality of Life of cancer patients. Keywords: Pain, Quality of Life, Cancer, Palliative care Introduction: Head and neck cancer encompasses a group of tumours involving the lip, oral cavity, nasal cavity, larynx, pharynx and paranasal sinuses. By incidence, it is the sixth leading cancer worldwide and eighth by fatality. Every year 0.5 million new cases are reported. It usually develops in 6th-7th decade of life and five year survival rate in a patient suffering from HNSCC is 40-50%. Approximately 40% of these tumours occur in the oral cavity, 15% occur in the pharynx, and 25% occur in the larynx; in 90% of the cases, the most common histologic type is squamous cell carcinoma. (1) Pain is the most burdensome symptom and is one of the most common complaints in a patients suffering from Head and Neck cancer. A systematic review evaluating the prevalence of pain in cancer patients over past 40 years reported high figures in the range of 52-77%. (2) The review also stated that as the stage of cancer advanced the prevalence of pain also increased. They reported a prevalence of 62%–86% in patients with advanced cancer. (2) These figures are in contrast to rapidly increasing research work in the field of pain relief. Pain is one of the most significant symptoms of cancer patients that affects multiple domains of life ranging from its impact on physical functioning to emotional functioning. It is a usual symptom of cancer patients, accounting for 30% to 40% of their chief complaints, and is of multifactorial aetiology. Approximately 58% of cancer patients suffer from unbearable pain, and this prevalence increases to 85% in patients with cancer in advanced stages. (3. A metanalysis which was carried out in the year of 52 studies for evaluating the prevalence of pain in cancer patients, reported that head and neck cancer patients had the highest prevalence of pain exceeding gastrointestinal gynaecological, breast and lung tumours. (2) In Head and Neck cancer patients, pain distresses the oral functions and is chief complaint in approximately 58% of the patients awaiting treatment and in 30% of the treated patients (4,5). The term â€Å"Quality of Life† has been used in literature in various ways both as a concept and an instrument of measurement. Very rarely has it been defined clearly. It may be considered as a subjective term which conveys the perception of a patient about his life which may either be positive or negative. It includes an assessment of general health, satisfaction, fulfilment, ability to cope, happiness, being in control and degree of independence. (6) Not only does pain affect the life of quality of patients before seeking antineoplastic treatment, also it has devastating effect in patients undergoing treatment. Thus there has been a growing interest in the inclusion of measures for improving life quality of patients before, during and after undergoing quality of life treatments. Literature search revealed that studies on the intensity of pain and quality of life before receiving anticancer therapy are lacking. Thus, this study was undertaken to assess the severity of pain and its impact on the quality of life (QoL) in untreated patients with head and neck carcinoma using questionnaire. Also the association of pain severity with clinical stage of the tumour and lymph node involvement was assessed. Materials and Methods: The study was carried out in the patients reporting to the outpatient department of K.L.E.V.K.I.D.S and Belgaum Cancer Institute. Ethical clearance was obtained from the institution. A total of 100 confirmed head and neck cancer patients were interviewed. Untreated histopathologically confirmed head and neck cancer patients were included in the study while patients who were receiving, or had completed their course of treatment for cancer, with recurring malignant disease and with compromised physical and mental state which prevented them from answering questions were excluded from the study. Patients were divided into four groups depending on their stage of tumour as follows:- Group I = Stage I=23 patients Group II = Stage II=25 patients Group III = Stage III=25 patients Group IV = stage IV=27 patients Pain was evaluated using â€Å"Brief Pain Inventory (BPI)† (7) which was validated in the North Indian Population.(8) The BPI is a 11 point scale which is presented horizontally from numbers ranging from 0-10. The Questions were translated in the local language of the patient. Patients were asked to rate their pain in the last 24 hours at its Worst, Least and on Average. Patients were also asked to encircle the number indicating the amount of pain they were having at present. The pain was then categorized into four groups: No pain (0), Mild pain (1-4), Moderate pain (5-6) and Severe pain (7-8) The Quality of Life of patients was assessed using the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire Core-30 (EORTC QLQ-C30) version 3.0 (9) which was validated in Indian Population (10).EORCTC QLQ-C30 is a 30 item questionnaire which consists of five functional scale, three symptom scale, six single items and Global Quality of life question.(8) The functional scale comprises a set of questions to evaluate the functioning of a cancer patient which includes Physical, Role, Cognitive, Social and Emotional Functioning. Symptom Scale includes three items to evaluate the fatigue, pain and nausea in patients. A number of single items such as Dyspnoea, Insomnia, Insomnia, Constipation, appetite loss, Diarrhoea and Financial difficulties were also included. The Symptom scale evaluated Fatigue, Pain and Nausea. Patients were asked to answer each question on a 4 point scale ranging from 1-4; corresponding to pain as Not at all (1), A little bit (2), Quite a Bit (3, Very Much (4). Patients were asked to rate the last two items (Global Quality of Life ) on a horizontal scale ranging from 1-7. All the scores thus obtained were linearly transformed to be expressed on a scale from 0-100. All the data was tabulated and non-parametric tests were applied. The data was subjected to Descriptive statistics, Mann-Whitney and Kruskal – Wallis test. Results: 100 histopathologically confirmed cases were enrolled in the study. The results showed that head and neck cancer was common in patients in 5th and 6th decade of life (35% and 32% respectively) with a mean age of 54.8 years (age range-24-86 years). Strong predominance of male population (79%) was seen. Out of a total 100 patients, 67% patients had the site of primary tumour in Oral cavity followed by Oropharynx (22 %), Larynx (6%)and Hypopharynx (5%). Lymph node involvement was present in 66% patients. The Mean scores for all the items on the scale was obtained using the EORTC QLQ-C30 Scoring Manual. Patients in the early stages of tumour scored significantly higher on function scale indicating higher functionality and ease in their daily activities. On contrary patients with advanced cancer scored higher on symptom scale indicating hampered quality of life and greater difficulty in doing their day to day work. Kruskal wallis test showed significant difference in the quality of life and the tumour stages, which was statistically significant .(p value On applying Mann Whitney test significant differences in the quality of life of patients with lymph node involvement and without lymph node involvement. (p value Chi square test also gave significant association between the quality of life and pain. (p value Discussion: This study was carried out to assess the influence of pain severity on quality of life of head and neck cancer patients before receiving any antineoplastic treatment. With approximately one million of new cancer cases being added every year in India and 80% of them presenting in advanced stages ( stage III and stage IV)(11)the need for pain relief and palliative therapy is imperative. Cancer pain still being one of the most dreaded and burdensome aspects of cancer patients draws attention to the management of pain in head and neck cancer patients. Inspite of introduction of WHO’s step ladder pattern for the management of pain control in cancer patients (12) it has been reported that less than 3% patients in India have an adequate access to pain relief. (13) . The present study also showed signification association between the cancer pain and stage of tumour. Patients with advanced stage of tumour experienced more difficulty in talking, swallowing etc. and poorer quality of life thus indicating a greater need for the institution of pain relief measures. The findings were consistent with the study done by Oliveira KG et al (14) who concluded that patients in advanced stages showed higher impairment in their functional status. Similar findings were noted by Connely et al (4) who reported that patients with squamous cell carcinoma experienced significantly incr eased function-related intensity of pain rather than spontaneous. The reasons for under treatment and inadequate pain relief could be attributed to poor resources, inaccessibility to morphine, misconception about the drugs for pain relief e.g. addiction, opiophobia of patients and communication problems. (15) Also the nature of Cancer pain is not fixed. It has multiple complex aetiologies and is recurring in nature. One of the very important reasons for the inadequate pain relief in cancer patients is that currently no such medication exists for chronic cancer pain that will provide more than 30% relief to the cancer patients.(16) This makes the institution of palliative and support care even more essential. The World Health Organization has defined Palliative care as â€Å"An approach that improves the quality of life of patients and their families facing the problems associated with life-threatening illness, through the prevention and relief of suffering by means of early identification and impeccable assessment and treatment of pain and other problems, physical, psychosocial, and spiritual.† (17) WHO emphasizes on meeting the psychological, social and mental needs of the patients so as to improve their quality of life. However, it has been reported that approximately 85% of patients who are admitted to palliative care centres have inadequate relief of pain. (18). Despite the fact that HNC has the highest pain prevalence of all the cancers and is one of the initial symptoms that motivate the patients to seek medical opinion, health care professionals concentrate solely on the surgical aspects, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. The management of chief complain of the patient i.e. pain is neglected which leads to poor quality of life. Therefore an evaluation of cancer patients before initiating any antineoplastic treatment is critical to because most of the studies concentrate on the assessment of pain during or after treatment. Conclusion: The average time from the admission of patients to palliative care unit and their death is usually less than a month thus indicating that palliative care is usually initiated only in the terminally ill patients, An assessment of quality of life of cancer patients before treatment will draw the attention of the clinician to the most symptomatic and feared aspect of cancer i.e. pain. Thus appropriate measures for pain relief along with supportive and palliative care can be instituted right from the beginning of the treatment which will greatly enhance the quality of life of cancer patients. References: Parkin DM, Bray F, Ferlay J, Pisani P:Global cancer statistics, 2002. CA Cancer J Clin2005,55:74-108. Van den Beuken-van Everdingen MH1, de Rijke JM, Kessels AG, Schouten HC, van Kleef M, Patijn J. Prevalence of pain in patients with cancer: a systematic review of the past 40 years. Ann Oncol. 2007 Sep;18(9):1437-49. Cuffari L, de Tesseroli SJT, Nemr K, Rapaport A:Pain complaint as the first symptom of oral cancer: a descriptive study. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod2006,102:56-61. Connelly ST, Schmidt BL: Evaluation of pain in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma. J Pain 2004, 5:505-510 Epstein JB, Emerton S, Kolbinson DA, Le ND, Phillips N, Stevenson-Moore P, Osoba D: Quality of life and oral function following radiotherapy for head and neck cancer. Head Neck 1999, 21:1-11. Bjordal K1, Kaasa S. Psychometric validation of the EORTC Core Quality of Life Questionnaire, 30-item version and a diagnosis-specific module for head and neck cancer patients. Acta Oncol. 1992;31(3):311-21. Cleeland CS, Ryan K: Pain assessment: global use of the Brief Pain Inventory. Ann Acad Med Singapore 1994, 23:129-138. Saxena A , Mendoza T,. Cleeland C. The assessment of cancer pain in north India: the validation of the Hindi Brief Pain InventoryBPI-H. J Pain Symptom Manage. 1999 Jan;17(1):27-41 Aaronson NK, Ahmedzai S, Bergman B, Bullinger M, Cull A, Duez NJ, Filiberti A, Flechtner H, Fleishman SB, de Haes JCJM, Kaasa S, Klee MC, Osoba D, Razavi D, Rofe PB, Schraub S, Sneeuw KCA, Sullivan M, Takeda F.The European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer QLQ-C30: A quality-of-life instrument for use in international clinical trials in oncology. Journal of the National Cancer Institute 1993; 85: 365-376. Chaukar DA, Das AK, Deshpande MS, Pai PS, Pathak KA, Chaturvedi P, Kakade AC, Hawaldar RW, DCruz AK. Quality of life of head and neck cancer patient: validation of the European organization for research and treatment of cancer QLQ-C30 and European organization for research and treatment of cancer QLQ-HN 35 in Indian patients. Indian J Cancer. 2005 Oct-Dec; 42(4):178-84. Seamark D, Ajithakumari K, Burn G, Saraswalthi Devi P, Koshy R, Seamark C. Palliative care in India. J R Soc Med. 2000;93:292–5. Vardy J, Agar M. Nonopioid drugs in the treatment of cancer pain. J Clin Oncol. 2014 Jun 1;32(16):1677-90. Khosla D, Patel F, and Sharma S. Palliative Care in India: Current Progress and Future Needs. Indian J Palliat Care. 2012 Sep-Dec; 18(3): 149–154. Oliveira KG, von Zeidler SV, Podestà ¡ JR, Sena A, Souza ED, Lenzi J, Bissoli NS, Gouvea SA. Influence of pain severity on the quality of life in patients with head and neck cancer before antineoplastic therapy. BMC Cancer. 2014 Jan 24;14:39. Thapa D, Rastogi V, Ahuja V. Cancer pain management-current status. J Anaesthesiol Clin Pharmacol. 2011 Apr-Jun; 27(2): 162–168. Bloodworth D. Opioids in the treatment of chronic pain: Legal framework and therapeutic indications and limitations. Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am. 2006;17:355–79. Geneva: World Health Organization; [Last accessed on 2012 Mar 02]. â€Å"WHO Definition Of Palliative Care â€Å"Available from: http://www.who.int/cancer/palliative/definition/en . 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Human Nature As Competitive :: essays research papers

Thomas Hobbes believes that humans are born equal. He means the bodies and minds of newborn people are of equal ability. One person sometimes becomes stronger in body or quicker in mind than another. When one becomes stronger in body, the person can claim he is better than another is. This causes other people around him to become threatened and jealous by the stronger person. People are more equal when it come to wisdom of the mind, because almost all people think they have more wisdom than the common people do. â€Å"They will hardly believe there be many so wise as themselves (201).† Because people basically have equality of ability, they all have hope of attaining what they want and dream of. The conflict comes when two men want the same thing, which they both cannot have. They become enemies and they seek to destroy or subdue the other. Some examples of this are two families that want to purchase the same house. They try to subdue each other by raising the amount they are willing to pay for the house, even if it is more than they were planning on spending. Every person thinks their companion should value them and when the person undervalues them, they will do whatever it takes to be as valued as they would like to be. There are three principle causes of quarrel in the nature of man. They are competition, diffidence (or distrust), and glory. In human nature, competition is for gain, diffidence is for safety, and glory is for reputation. It is the competitive human nature that renders people apt to invade and destroy one another. The reading gives and example of a man who arms himself when taking a journey, locks his doors when he goes to sleep, and locks his chest even when he’s home. He is trying to protect himself from others competing against him for what he has. The reading give another example of how governments and leaders have their weapons pointed at the enemy at all times and how leaders continually spy on their neighbors. This is true because for years the US and Russia have had weapons pointed at each other and the U.

Different Conceptions of Deity and Sacred Power

Throughout history and all across the different races of men and their equally varying cultural codes, ethnic and social beliefs, there have also been a varying conceptions of Deity and Sacred or Divine Powers. All kinds of gods and goddesses: their origins and attributes; their powers and characteristics; their stories in myths, legends and fables; have all shown a diversity and paradoxically, a unity as well. The diversity stems from the varying beliefs about life and nature, which includes culture, climate, weather, other natural phenomena, and the environment around the people who originated such beliefs.James Livingston, in his book Anatomy of the Sacred: An Introduction to Religion, have enumerated these conceptions of the Divine and the Sacred Power from polytheism, pantheism, dualism, and monotheism, among others. Such characters have included gods of thunder and lightning, mother goddesses, entire pantheons of gods and goddesses, and more. And surprisingly, there is an under lying unity in these conceptions. For they all point to the inherent goodness of the Divine, as well as Its Ultimate omnipotence and immortality. What are these conceptions, and what are their characteristics?Let us tackle each and provide examples. Firstly, there is polytheism. This is the belief in the multiplicity of gods and goddesses. It shows that Divine Powers are not limited to one being, but divided in many. The gods and goddesses of polytheistic religions each have specific powers and characteristics, and each can be invoked for specific blessings or help. Examples include the deities of Hinduism. There are also the gods and goddesses of Olympus in Greek mythology. The Chinese also have different gods and goddesses which have specific powers.The deities of Ancient Egypt also show the polytheism of its people. Monotheism, in contrast, is the belief in a single god or deity. It supposes that this single being created the whole universe, and controls all and has the Ultimate Power. Examples include Islam, most forms of Christianity, and the monotheistic religion of an exceptional Egyptian pharaoh, Amenhotep IV or Akhnaton. Akhnaton is said to be the first monotheist in human history, who worshipped the sun-god Ra and no one else, to the enmity of the polytheistic temple priesthood of his time.Pantheism is the belief that everything in creation is the Deity or part of the Deity. Adherents of this concept usually are amenable to worshipping or treating as sacred all the things of nature, such as the sun, the trees, and animals. The pagans can be considered as such. Mystics are sometimes classified as pantheists, for they adhere to the conception that the Deity is in everything and is everywhere. However, mystics are not exactly pantheists in some classifications.Dualism adheres to the concept of two great Deities in opposite extremes or poles, which eternally battle for dominion of creation or the universe. One is traditionally the Creator god who is all- good, while the other is his adversary, who is totally evil. Such religions include forms of Christianity (where God and Satan eternally battle), and Zoroastrianism where the gods Ahura Mazda and Ahriman are good and evil, respectively. This concept adheres to the cosmic struggle between the forces of Light and Darkness.

College Degree Nearly Doubles Annual Earnings

Just in case you still had some doubts as to the power of a college degree, the U.S. Census Bureau has released data proving the substantial value of a college education in the United States. Workers 18 and over sporting bachelors degrees earn an average of $51,206 a year, while those with a high school diploma earn $27,915. But wait, theres more. Workers with an advanced degree make an average of $74,602, and those without a high school diploma average $18,734. According to a new census report titled Educational Attainment in the United States: 2004, 85 percent of those age 25 or older reported they had completed at least high school and 28 percent had attained at least a bachelorÂ’s degree Ââ€" both record highs. Other highlights for the population 25 years and over in 2004: Minnesota, Montana, Wyoming and Nebraska had the highest proportions of people with at least a high school diploma, all around 91 percent.The District of ColumbiaÂ’s population had the highest proportion with a bachelorÂ’s degree or higher at 45.7 percent, followed by Massachusetts (36.7 percent), Colorado (35.5 percent), New Hampshire (35.4 percent) and Maryland (35.2 percent).At the regional level, the Midwest had the highest proportion of high school graduates (88.3 percent), followed by the Northeast (86.5 percent), the West (84.3 percent) and the South (83.0 percent).The Northeast had the highest proportion of college graduates (30.9 percent), followed by the West (30.2 percent), the Midwest (26.0 percent) and the South (25.5 percent).High school graduation rates for women continued to exceed those of men, 85.4 percent and 84.8 percent, respectively. On the other hand, men continued to have a higher proportion of their population with a bachelorÂ’s degree or higher (29. 4 percent compared with 26.1 percent).Non-Hispanic whites had the highest proportion with a high school diploma or higher (90.0 percent), followed by Asians (86.8 percent), African-Americans (80.6 percent) and Hispanics (58.4 percent).Asians had the highest proportion with a bachelorÂ’s degree or higher (49.4 percent), followed by Non-Hispanic whites (30.6 percent), African-Americans (17.6 percent) and Hispanics (12.1 percent).The proportion of the foreign-born population with a high school diploma (67.2 percent) was lower than that of the native population (88.3 percent). However, the percentages with a bachelorÂ’s degree or more were not statistically different (27.3 percent and 27.8 percent, respectively).The data on educational trends and attainment levels are shown by characteristics such as age, sex, race, Hispanic origin, marital status, occupation, industry, nativity and, if foreign-born, when they entered the country. The tables also describe the relationship between earnings and educational attainment. Although the statistics are primarily at the national level, some data are shown for regions and states.Source: U.S. Census Bureau Education Also Effects Unemployment Just as income increases, unemployment decreases with higher educational attainment. According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, the nationwide unemployment rate based on educational attainment in 2017 dropped from 6.3 percent among those who did not complete high school, to 4.6 percent among high school graduates, to 2.5 percent among persons with a bachelor’s degree, to only 1.5 percent among persons with doctoral or professional degrees. In addition, higher levels of education tends to reduce the time required for persons who find themselves between jobs to find new employment at equal or better wages.